CIS130 Chapter 6 and 7 Test

  • An array is not ________.
    • a consecutive group of memory locations
    • subscripted by integers
    • pointer-based
    • a dynamic entity
  • Which statement is false?
    • The brackets used to enclose the subscript of an array are not an operator in C
    • To refer to a particular element in an array, we specify the name of the array and the position number of the element in the array.
    • The position number within an array is more formally called a subscript.
    • Array element seven and the seventh element of an array do not mean the same thing. This is a frequent source of off-by-one errors.
  • Which statement would be used to define a 10 element integer array c?
    • Array c = int[ 10 ]
    • c = int[ 10 ];
    • int Array c[ 10 ];
    • int c[ 10 ];
  • Constant variables
    • can be assigned values in executable statements
    • do not have to be initialized when they are defined
    • can be used to specify array sizes, thereby making programs more scalable
    • can be used to specify array sizes, but this makes programs harder to understand
  • Assume string1 is a character array. Which of the following operations does not produce a string?
    • string1[] = "test";
    • string1[] = { 't', 'e', 's', 't', '' };
    • string1[] = { 't', 'e', 's', 't' };
    • string1[] = " ";
  • Suppose a program contains the code for (i = 1; i < = 10; i++) n[ i ] = 0; Which statement about this code must be true?
    • It contains an off-by-one error
    • It contains a syntax error.
    • It is initializing the first 10 elements of an array.
    • It is initializing successive elements of an array.
  • If there are fewer initializers than elements in the array, the remaining elements are __________.
    • deleted
    • ignored
    • initialized to empty
    • initialized to zero
  • The following array definition int n[ 5 ] = { 32, 27, 64, 18, 95, 14 };
    • is correct
    • causes a syntax error because there are only five initializers and six array elements.
    • causes a logic error because there are only five elements but there are six initializers.
    • causes a syntax error because there are six initializers but only five array elements.
  • Which statement is true?
    • A symbolic constant is an identifier that is replaced with replacement text by the C preprocessor after the program is compiled
    • Using symbolic constants to specify array sizes makes programs run faster
    • Preprocessor directives are not C statements.
    • The #define preprocessor directive must end in a semicolon.
  • Which statement is true regarding the statement ++frequency[ responses[ answer ] ];
    • This statement increases the appropriate frequency counter depending on the value of responses[ answer ].
    • This statement increases the appropriate answer counter depending on the value of frequency[ responses ].
    • This statement increases the appropriate responses counter depending on the value of frequency[ answer ].
    • This statement produces a syntax error because subscripts cannot be nested.
  • Which statement is false?
    • C has no built-in bounds checking to prevent the computer from referring to an array element that does not exist.
    • The programmer is responsible for implementing array bounds checking.
    • Referring to an element outside the array bounds is a syntax error.
    • Referring to an element outside the array bounds is a logic error.
  • Which statement is false?
    • The string termination character is called the null character.
    • The string string actually occupies 7 characters in memory.
    • The character representation of the last character in memory of a string is .
    • A character array representing a string should be defined as large as the actual number of characters in the string minus the terminating character; C automatically provides the space for the terminating character.
  • The definition char string1[] = "first"; is equivalent to:
    • character string1[] = { 'f', 'i', 'r', 's', 't', '' };
    • char string1 = { 'f', 'i', 'r', 's', 't', '' };
    • string1[] = { 'f', 'i', 'r', 's', 't' };
    • char string1[] = { 'f', 'i', 'r', 's', 't', '' };
  • Which statement is false?
    • Function scanf reads characters into memory from the keyboard until the first input whitespace character is encountered
    • Function scanf can write beyond the boundary of the array into which input is being placed.
    • Function printf does not care how large the array it is printing is.
    • When using scanf, you must always precede with the & operator the name of each variable into which inputs are being placed
  • Which statement is false?
    • A static local variable exists for the duration of the program.
    • A static local variable is visible only in the control structure in which it is defined.
    • A static local array is not created and destroyed each time the function is entered and exited, respectively.
    • Arrays that are defined static are automatically initialized once at compile time.
  • Which of the following is false about a function being passed an array?
    • it knows the size of the array it was passed
    • it is passed the address of the first element in the array
    • it is able to modify the values stored in the array
    • all of the above are true
  • To pass an array to a function, specify
    • the name of the array without any brackets.
    • the name of the array preceded by an empty pair of brackets.
    • the name of the array followed by a pair of brackets including the size of the array.
    • the name of the array followed by a pair of brackets including a number one less than the size of the array.
  • Which statement is false?
    • C automatically passes arrays to functions using simulated call by reference.
    • When C passes an array to a function, the called function normally can modify the element values in the callers original array.
    • The name of an array is actually the address of the first element of the array.
    • When an array is passed in a function call, the calling function knows precisely where in the called functions memory the passed array is.
  • Calculating which of the following normally requires the data to be sorted first
    • mean
    • median
    • mode
    • total
  • The maximum number of comparisons needed for the binary search of a 2000 element array is
    • 9
    • 15
    • 11
    • 14
  • Which of these is generally thought of as a high-performance technique?
    • bubble sort
    • linear search
    • binary search
    • iteration
  • Which of the following statements is false?
    • The linear searching method works well for small arrays.
    • The linear searching method works well for unsorted arrays
    • The binary search algorithm eliminates from consideration one half of the elements in a sorted array after each comparison.
    • The binary search terminates only when the search key is equal to the middle element of a subarray
  • A sorted array of a million elements can be searched by a binary search in __________ or fewer comparisons.
    • 10
    • 20
    • 30
    • 999,999
  • Which of the following does not initialize all of the array elements to 0?
    • int b[ 2 ][ 2 ]; b[ 0 ][ 0 ] = b[ 0 ][ 1 ] = b[ 1 ][ 0 ] = b[ 1 ][ 1 ] = 0;
    • int b[ 2 ][ 2 ] = { 0 };
    • int b[ 2 ][ 2 ]; for ( int i = 0; i < 2; ++i ) for (int j = 0; j < 2; ++j ) b[ i ][ j ] = 0;
    • all of the above initialize all of their elements to 0.
  • Which initialization is not performed by the following definition? int b[ 2 ][ 2 ] = { { 1 }, { 3, 4 } };
    • b[ 0 ][ 0 ] is set to 1
    • b[ 0 ][ 1 ] is set to 1
    • b[ 1 ][ 0 ] is set to 3
    • b[ 1 ][ 1 ] is set to 4
  • Pointers cannot be used to
    • find the address of a variable in memory.
    • reference values directly.
    • simulate call-by-reference.
    • manipulate dynamic data structures.
  • A non-pointer variable name __________ references a value and a pointer variable name __________ references a value.
    • directly, directly
    • directly, indirectly
    • indirectly, directly
    • indirectly, indirectly
  • The definition int *count;
    • is a syntax error because only pointers can be defined with * notation.
    • is a compile-time error.
    • is a logic error.
    • is a correct definition of integer pointer count.
  • Which statement about pointers is false?
    • They can be defined to point to objects of any data type.
    • The indirection operator * distributes to all comma-separated variable names in a definition.
    • The letters Ptr in a pointer variable name are optional.
    • A pointer may be initialized to 0, NULL or an address
  • The statement y =
    • assigns the address of the variable y to pointer variable yPtr.
    • assigns the address of the variable yPtr to pointer variable y.
    • is a compilation error.
    • is a logic error.
  • The unary * and __________ are complements of one another.
    • /
    • ^
    • &
    • |
  • Which statement is false?
    • All function calls in C pass arguments call-by-value.
    • Call-by-reference enables a called function to modify variables in the calling function.
    • Call-by-value is always more efficient than call-by-reference.
    • In C, programmers use pointers and the indirection operator to simulate call-by-reference.
  • What method should be used to pass an array to a function that does not modify the array and only looks at it using array subscript notation?
    • A constant pointer to constant data.
    • A constant pointer to nonconstant data.
    • A nonconstant pointer to constant data.
    • A nonconstant pointer to constant data.
  • Which of the following gives the number of elements in the array int r[ ]?
    • sizeof ( r )
    • sizeof ( *r )
    • sizeof ( r ) / sizeof ( int )
    • sizeof ( *r ) / sizeof ( int )
  • An expression such as sizeof( arrayName ) / sizeof( double ) might typically be used to determine
    • the size of an array
    • the number of elements in an array
    • the number of elements in half an array
    • the size of an element of an array
  • Given that k is an integer array starting at location 2000, kPtr is a pointer to k, and each integer is stored in 4 bytes of memory, what location does kPtr + 3 point to?
    • 2003
    • 2006
    • 2012
    • 2024
  • Comparing pointers and performing arithmetic on them is meaningless unless
    • they point to members of the same array
    • they point to arrays of the same type
    • they point to arrays of equal size
    • they point to different locations
  • Assuming that t is an array and tPtr is a pointer to that array, what expression refers to the address of element 3?
    • *( tPtr + 3 )
    • . tPtr[ 3 ]
    • &t[ 3 ]
    • &t[ 3 ])
  • If bPtr is assigned b (the name of an array), then array element b[ 3 ] can alternatively be referenced with the pointer expression __________.
    • bPtr + 3
    • b[ bPtr + 3 ]
    • *b [ bPtr + 3 ]
    • *( bPtr + 3)
  • Which statement is false?
    • In C, a string is essentially a pointer to its first character.
    • Arrays may contain pointers.
    • Each entry in an array of strings is actually a pointer to the first character of a string.
    • The size of an array of strings is the sum of the lengths of the strings.
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